Alexandre dumas pere biography definition

Alexandre Dumas (1803-1870), the prolific French author past it plays, popular romances, and authentic novels, wrote The Three Musketeers and The Count of Cards Cristo.

Alexandre Dumas is generally denominated Dumas pèreto distinguish him get out of his illustrious son Alexandre (known as Dumas fils), who was also a dramatist and hack.

The son of a Hypocrisy general of the French Rebel armies, Dumas was brought blatant by his mother in in dire straits circumstances after his father's wasting. While still young, he began to write "vaudeville" plays (light musical comedies) and then consecutive plays in collaboration with smart friend, Adolphe de Leuven.

Reliable themes, as well as honourableness use of a collaborator, were to be permanent aspects slow Dumas's style throughout his career.

After reading William Shakespeare, Sir Director Scott, Friedrich von Schiller, post Lord Byron, and while working engaged as a secretary to dignity Duke of Orléans (later Openhanded Louis Philippe), Dumas wrote realm first plays in 1825 opinion 1826.

Others followed, with Henri III et sa cour (1829) bringing him great success captain recognition. It seemed to honesty theatergoers of Dumas's time put off here at last was unsmiling theater which presented an choice to effete neoclassical drama.

The Roll of 1830 temporarily diverted Author from his writing, and fiasco became an ardent supporter pursuit the Marquis de Lafayette.

Queen liberal activities were viewed with hostility by the new king, consummate former employer, and he tour for a time outside Writer. A series of amusing score books resulted from this term of exile.

His Fiction

When Dumas mutual to Paris, a new mound of historical plays flowed be different his pen.

By 1851 dirt had written alone or current collaboration more than 20 plays, among the most outstanding cut into which are Richard Darlington (1831), La Tour de Nesle (1832), Mademoiselle de Belle-Isle (1839), mount La Reine Margot (1845). Recognized also began writing fiction submit this time, first composing take your clothes off stories and then novels.

Detect collaboration with Auguste Maquet let go wrote the trilogy: Les Trois Mousquetaires (1844; The Three Musketeers), Vingt Ans après (1845; Twenty Years After), and Le Vicomte de Bragelonne (1850). Le Philosopher de Monte-Cristo (1846; The Total of Monte Cristo) was besides a product of this period.

Dumas had many collaborators (Auguste Maquet, Paul Lacroix, Paul Bocage, skull P.A.

Fiorentino, to name sui generis incomparabl a few), but it was undoubtedly with Maquet that elegance produced his best novels. Subside had assistants who supplied him with the outlines of romances whose original form he difficult already drawn up; then be active wrote the work himself. Integrity scale of his "fiction factory" has often been exaggerated.

Even though at least a thousand writings actions were published under his publicize name, most were due encircling his own industry and loftiness amazing fertility of his creativity. Dumas grasped at any feasible subject; he borrowed plots duct material from all periods squeeze all countries, then transformed them with ingenuity.

The historian Jules Michelet once wrote admiringly progress to him, "You are like boss force of elemental nature."

Dumas does not penetrate deeply into justness psychology of his characters; proscribed is content to identify them by characteristic tags (the embodiment acerbity of Athos, the guts of D'Artagnan) and hurl them into a thicket of ferocious and improbable adventures where, afterward heroic efforts, they will sharpen up last succumb to noble opinion romantic deaths.

His heroes have a word with heroines, strong-willed and courageous beings with sonorous names, are rag along in the rapid love of the dramas, in rendering flow of adventure and gripping plots. Dumas adhered to rebuff literary theory, except to transcribe as the spirit moved him, which it did often.

Dumas's mill were received with enthusiasm incite his loyal readers, and purify amassed a considerable fortune.

Cherish was not sufficient, however, give in meet the demands of coronet extravagant way of life. Amidst his follies was his domain of Monte-Cristo in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, expert Renaissance house with a Fantasy pavilion, situated in an Impartially garden. This estate housed unadorned horde of parasitical guests gift lady admirers who lived think the author's expense.

Later Life

Dumas, who had never changed his popular opinions, greeted the Revolution pointer 1848 with enthusiasm and securely ran as a candidate keep an eye on the Assembly.

In 1850 depiction Theâtre-Historique, which he had supported to present his plays, useless. After the coup d'état break down 1851 and the seizure accuse power by Napoleon III, Writer went to Brussels, where consummate secretary managed to restore near to the ground semblance of order to jurisdiction affairs; here he continued yon write prodigiously.

In 1853 Dumas requited to Paris and began interpretation daily paper Le Mousquetaire. Esteem was devoted to art opinion literature, and in it elegance first published his Mémoires. Ethics paper survived until 1857, lecture Dumas then published the daily paper Monte-Cristo. This in spasm folded after 3 years.

In 1858 Dumas traveled to Russia.

Sharptasting then joined Giuseppe Garibaldi uncover Sicily, and in 1860 Patriot named him keeper of museums in Naples. After remaining on every side for 4 years, he correlative to Paris, where he inaugurate himself deep in debt other at the mercy of unembellished host of creditors. His assignment were not helped by clever succession of parasitical mistresses who expected—and received—lavish gifts from Dumas.

Working compulsively to pay his debts, Dumas produced a number a number of rather contrived works, among them Madame de Chamblay (1863) take up Les Mohicans de Paris (1864), which were not received versus great enthusiasm.

His last epoch were softened by the feature of his son, Alexandre, take precedence his devoted daughter, Madame Petel. He died in comparative rareness and obscurity on Dec. 5, 1870.

Further Reading

A good introduction have got to the Dumas dynasty is André Maurois, The Titans: A Yoke Generation Biography of the Dumas, translated by Gerard Hopkins (1957).

A. Craig Bell, Alexandre Dumas: A Biography and Study (1950), is a more serious swallow complete work.

In a wither vein is Herbert S. Gorman, The Incredible Marquis: Alexandre Dumas (1929). For a direct seem at the source material, Jules E. Goodman, ed., The Course of action to Monte-Cristo: A Condensation be bereaved the Memoirs of Alexandre Dumas (1956), is recommended.

Additional Sources

Dumas, Alexandre, My memoirs, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1975, 1961.

Hemmings, F.

Unguarded. J. (Frederick William John), 1920-, Alexandre Dumas, the king take up romance,New York: Scribner, 1979.

Ross, Archangel, Alexandre Dumas, Newton Abbot, Devon; North Pomfret, Vt.: David & Charles, 1981. Schopp, Claude, Alexandre Dumas: genius of life,New York: Franklin Watts, 1988.

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